"""Routines related to PyPI, indexes"""
import sys
import os
import re
import gzip
import mimetypes
import posixpath
import pkg_resources
import random
import socket
import string
import zlib
try:
import threading
except ImportError:
import dummy_threading as threading
from pip.log import logger
from pip.util import Inf, normalize_name, splitext
from pip.exceptions import DistributionNotFound, BestVersionAlreadyInstalled
from pip.backwardcompat import (WindowsError, BytesIO,
Queue, urlparse,
URLError, HTTPError, u,
product, url2pathname, ssl,
Empty as QueueEmpty)
if ssl:
from pip.backwardcompat import CertificateError
from pip.download import urlopen, path_to_url2, url_to_path, geturl, Urllib2HeadRequest
__all__ = ['PackageFinder']
DEFAULT_MIRROR_HOSTNAME = "last.pypi.python.org"
class PackageFinder(object):
"""This finds packages.
This is meant to match easy_install's technique for looking for
packages, by reading pages and looking for appropriate links
"""
def __init__(self, find_links, index_urls,
use_mirrors=False, mirrors=None, main_mirror_url=None):
self.find_links = find_links
self.index_urls = index_urls
self.dependency_links = []
self.cache = PageCache()
# These are boring links that have already been logged somehow:
self.logged_links = set()
if use_mirrors:
self.mirror_urls = self._get_mirror_urls(mirrors, main_mirror_url)
logger.info('Using PyPI mirrors: %s' % ', '.join(self.mirror_urls))
else:
self.mirror_urls = []
def add_dependency_links(self, links):
## FIXME: this shouldn't be global list this, it should only
## apply to requirements of the package that specifies the
## dependency_links value
## FIXME: also, we should track comes_from (i.e., use Link)
self.dependency_links.extend(links)
def _sort_locations(self, locations):
"""
Sort locations into "files" (archives) and "urls", and return
a pair of lists (files,urls)
"""
files = []
urls = []
# puts the url for the given file path into the appropriate list
def sort_path(path):
url = path_to_url2(path)
if mimetypes.guess_type(url, strict=False)[0] == 'text/html':
urls.append(url)
else:
files.append(url)
for url in locations:
is_local_path = os.path.exists(url)
is_file_url = url.startswith('file:')
is_find_link = url in self.find_links
if is_local_path or is_file_url:
if is_local_path:
path = url
else:
path = url_to_path(url)
if is_find_link and os.path.isdir(path):
path = os.path.realpath(path)
for item in os.listdir(path):
sort_path(os.path.join(path, item))
elif is_file_url and os.path.isdir(path):
urls.append(url)
elif os.path.isfile(path):
sort_path(path)
else:
urls.append(url)
return files, urls
def find_requirement(self, req, upgrade):
def mkurl_pypi_url(url):
loc = posixpath.join(url, url_name)
# For maximum compatibility with easy_install, ensure the path
# ends in a trailing slash. Although this isn't in the spec
# (and PyPI can handle it without the slash) some other index
# implementations might break if they relied on easy_install's behavior.
if not loc.endswith('/'):
loc = loc + '/'
return loc
url_name = req.url_name
# Only check main index if index URL is given:
main_index_url = None
if self.index_urls:
# Check that we have the url_name correctly spelled:
main_index_url = Link(mkurl_pypi_url(self.index_urls[0]))
# This will also cache the page, so it's okay that we get it again later:
page = self._get_page(main_index_url, req)
if page is None:
url_name = self._find_url_name(Link(self.index_urls[0]), url_name, req) or req.url_name
# Combine index URLs with mirror URLs here to allow
# adding more index URLs from requirements files
all_index_urls = self.index_urls + self.mirror_urls
if url_name is not None:
locations = [
mkurl_pypi_url(url)
for url in all_index_urls] + self.find_links
else:
locations = list(self.find_links)
locations.extend(self.dependency_links)
for version in req.absolute_versions:
if url_name is not None and main_index_url is not None:
locations = [
posixpath.join(main_index_url.url, version)] + locations
file_locations, url_locations = self._sort_locations(locations)
locations = [Link(url) for url in url_locations]
logger.debug('URLs to search for versions for %s:' % req)
for location in locations:
logger.debug('* %s' % location)
found_versions = []
found_versions.extend(
self._package_versions(
[Link(url, '-f') for url in self.find_links], req.name.lower()))
page_versions = []
for page in self._get_pages(locations, req):
logger.debug('Analyzing links from page %s' % page.url)
logger.indent += 2
try:
page_versions.extend(self._package_versions(page.links, req.name.lower()))
finally:
logger.indent -= 2
dependency_versions = list(self._package_versions(
[Link(url) for url in self.dependency_links], req.name.lower()))
if dependency_versions:
logger.info('dependency_links found: %s' % ', '.join([link.url for parsed, link, version in dependency_versions]))
file_versions = list(self._package_versions(
[Link(url) for url in file_locations], req.name.lower()))
if not found_versions and not page_versions and not dependency_versions and not file_versions:
logger.fatal('Could not find any downloads that satisfy the requirement %s' % req)
raise DistributionNotFound('No distributions at all found for %s' % req)
installed_version = []
if req.satisfied_by is not None:
installed_version = [(req.satisfied_by.parsed_version, InfLink, req.satisfied_by.version)]
if file_versions:
file_versions.sort(reverse=True)
logger.info('Local files found: %s' % ', '.join([url_to_path(link.url) for parsed, link, version in file_versions]))
#this is an intentional priority ordering
all_versions = installed_version + file_versions + found_versions + page_versions + dependency_versions
applicable_versions = []
for (parsed_version, link, version) in all_versions:
if version not in req.req:
logger.info("Ignoring link %s, version %s doesn't match %s"
% (link, version, ','.join([''.join(s) for s in req.req.specs])))
continue
applicable_versions.append((parsed_version, link, version))
#bring the latest version to the front, but maintains the priority ordering as secondary
applicable_versions = sorted(applicable_versions, key=lambda v: v[0], reverse=True)
existing_applicable = bool([link for parsed_version, link, version in applicable_versions if link is InfLink])
if not upgrade and existing_applicable:
if applicable_versions[0][1] is InfLink:
logger.info('Existing installed version (%s) is most up-to-date and satisfies requirement'
% req.satisfied_by.version)
else:
logger.info('Existing installed version (%s) satisfies requirement (most up-to-date version is %s)'
% (req.satisfied_by.version, applicable_versions[0][2]))
return None
if not applicable_versions:
logger.fatal('Could not find a version that satisfies the requirement %s (from versions: %s)'
% (req, ', '.join([version for parsed_version, link, version in all_versions])))
raise DistributionNotFound('No distributions matching the version for %s' % req)
if applicable_versions[0][1] is InfLink:
# We have an existing version, and its the best version
logger.info('Installed version (%s) is most up-to-date (past versions: %s)'
% (req.satisfied_by.version, ', '.join([version for parsed_version, link, version in applicable_versions[1:]]) or 'none'))
raise BestVersionAlreadyInstalled
if len(applicable_versions) > 1:
logger.info('Using version %s (newest of versions: %s)' %
(applicable_versions[0][2], ', '.join([version for parsed_version, link, version in applicable_versions])))
return applicable_versions[0][1]
def _find_url_name(self, index_url, url_name, req):
"""Finds the true URL name of a package, when the given name isn't quite correct.
This is usually used to implement case-insensitivity."""
if not index_url.url.endswith('/'):
# Vaguely part of the PyPI API... weird but true.
## FIXME: bad to modify this?
index_url.url += '/'
page = self._get_page(index_url, req)
if page is None:
logger.fatal('Cannot fetch index base URL %s' % index_url)
return
norm_name = normalize_name(req.url_name)
for link in page.links:
base = posixpath.basename(link.path.rstrip('/'))
if norm_name == normalize_name(base):
logger.notify('Real name of requirement %s is %s' % (url_name, base))
return base
return None
def _get_pages(self, locations, req):
"""Yields (page, page_url) from the given locations, skipping
locations that have errors, and adding download/homepage links"""
pending_queue = Queue()
for location in locations:
pending_queue.put(location)
done = []
seen = set()
threads = []
for i in range(min(10, len(locations))):
t = threading.Thread(target=self._get_queued_page, args=(req, pending_queue, done, seen))
t.setDaemon(True)
threads.append(t)
t.start()
for t in threads:
t.join()
return done
_log_lock = threading.Lock()
def _get_queued_page(self, req, pending_queue, done, seen):
while 1:
try:
location = pending_queue.get(False)
except QueueEmpty:
return
if location in seen:
continue
seen.add(location)
page = self._get_page(location, req)
if page is None:
continue
done.append(page)
for link in page.rel_links():
pending_queue.put(link)
_egg_fragment_re = re.compile(r'#egg=([^&]*)')
_egg_info_re = re.compile(r'([a-z0-9_.]+)-([a-z0-9_.-]+)', re.I)
_py_version_re = re.compile(r'-py([123]\.?[0-9]?)$')
def _sort_links(self, links):
"Returns elements of links in order, non-egg links first, egg links second, while eliminating duplicates"
eggs, no_eggs = [], []
seen = set()
for link in links:
if link not in seen:
seen.add(link)
if link.egg_fragment:
eggs.append(link)
else:
no_eggs.append(link)
return no_eggs + eggs
def _package_versions(self, links, search_name):
for link in self._sort_links(links):
for v in self._link_package_versions(link, search_name):
yield v
def _link_package_versions(self, link, search_name):
"""
Return an iterable of triples (pkg_resources_version_key,
link, python_version) that can be extracted from the given
link.
Meant to be overridden by subclasses, not called by clients.
"""
if link.egg_fragment:
egg_info = link.egg_fragment
else:
egg_info, ext = link.splitext()
if not ext:
if link not in self.logged_links:
logger.debug('Skipping link %s; not a file' % link)
self.logged_links.add(link)
return []
if egg_info.endswith('.tar'):
# Special double-extension case:
egg_info = egg_info[:-4]
ext = '.tar' + ext
if ext not in ('.tar.gz', '.tar.bz2', '.tar', '.tgz', '.zip'):
if link not in self.logged_links:
logger.debug('Skipping link %s; unknown archive format: %s' % (link, ext))
self.logged_links.add(link)
return []
if "macosx10" in link.path and ext == '.zip':
if link not in self.logged_links:
logger.debug('Skipping link %s; macosx10 one' % (link))
self.logged_links.add(link)
return []
version = self._egg_info_matches(egg_info, search_name, link)
if version is None:
logger.debug('Skipping link %s; wrong project name (not %s)' % (link, search_name))
return []
match = self._py_version_re.search(version)
if match:
version = version[:match.start()]
py_version = match.group(1)
if py_version != sys.version[:3]:
logger.debug('Skipping %s because Python version is incorrect' % link)
return []
logger.debug('Found link %s, version: %s' % (link, version))
return [(pkg_resources.parse_version(version),
link,
version)]
def _egg_info_matches(self, egg_info, search_name, link):
match = self._egg_info_re.search(egg_info)
if not match:
logger.debug('Could not parse version from link: %s' % link)
return None
name = match.group(0).lower()
# To match the "safe" name that pkg_resources creates:
name = name.replace('_', '-')
# project name and version must be separated by a dash
look_for = search_name.lower() + "-"
if name.startswith(look_for):
return match.group(0)[len(look_for):]
else:
return None
def _get_page(self, link, req):
return HTMLPage.get_page(link, req, cache=self.cache)
def _get_mirror_urls(self, mirrors=None, main_mirror_url=None):
"""Retrieves a list of URLs from the main mirror DNS entry
unless a list of mirror URLs are passed.
"""
if not mirrors:
mirrors = get_mirrors(main_mirror_url)
# Should this be made "less random"? E.g. netselect like?
random.shuffle(mirrors)
mirror_urls = set()
for mirror_url in mirrors:
mirror_url = mirror_url.rstrip('/')
# Make sure we have a valid URL
if not any([mirror_url.startswith(scheme) for scheme in ["http://", "https://", "file://"]]):
mirror_url = "http://%s" % mirror_url
if not mirror_url.endswith("/simple"):
mirror_url = "%s/simple" % mirror_url
mirror_urls.add(mirror_url + '/')
return list(mirror_urls)
class PageCache(object):
"""Cache of HTML pages"""
failure_limit = 3
def __init__(self):
self._failures = {}
self._pages = {}
self._archives = {}
def too_many_failures(self, url):
return self._failures.get(url, 0) >= self.failure_limit
def get_page(self, url):
return self._pages.get(url)
def is_archive(self, url):
return self._archives.get(url, False)
def set_is_archive(self, url, value=True):
self._archives[url] = value
def add_page_failure(self, url, level):
self._failures[url] = self._failures.get(url, 0)+level
def add_page(self, urls, page):
for url in urls:
self._pages[url] = page
class HTMLPage(object):
"""Represents one page, along with its URL"""
## FIXME: these regexes are horrible hacks:
_homepage_re = re.compile(r'<th>\s*home\s*page', re.I)
_download_re = re.compile(r'<th>\s*download\s+url', re.I)
## These aren't so aweful:
_rel_re = re.compile("""<[^>]*\srel\s*=\s*['"]?([^'">]+)[^>]*>""", re.I)
_href_re = re.compile('href=(?:"([^"]*)"|\'([^\']*)\'|([^>\\s\\n]*))', re.I|re.S)
_base_re = re.compile(r"""<base\s+href\s*=\s*['"]?([^'">]+)""", re.I)
def __init__(self, content, url, headers=None):
self.content = content
self.url = url
self.headers = headers
def __str__(self):
return self.url
@classmethod
def get_page(cls, link, req, cache=None, skip_archives=True):
url = link.url
url = url.split('#', 1)[0]
if cache.too_many_failures(url):
return None
# Check for VCS schemes that do not support lookup as web pages.
from pip.vcs import VcsSupport
for scheme in VcsSupport.schemes:
if url.lower().startswith(scheme) and url[len(scheme)] in '+:':
logger.debug('Cannot look at %(scheme)s URL %(link)s' % locals())
return None
if cache is not None:
inst = cache.get_page(url)
if inst is not None:
return inst
try:
if skip_archives:
if cache is not None:
if cache.is_archive(url):
return None
filename = link.filename
for bad_ext in ['.tar', '.tar.gz', '.tar.bz2', '.tgz', '.zip']:
if filename.endswith(bad_ext):
content_type = cls._get_content_type(url)
if content_type.lower().startswith('text/html'):
break
else:
logger.debug('Skipping page %s because of Content-Type: %s' % (link, content_type))
if cache is not None:
cache.set_is_archive(url)
return None
logger.debug('Getting page %s' % url)
# Tack index.html onto file:// URLs that point to directories
(scheme, netloc, path, params, query, fragment) = urlparse.urlparse(url)
if scheme == 'file' and os.path.isdir(url2pathname(path)):
# add trailing slash if not present so urljoin doesn't trim final segment
if not url.endswith('/'):
url += '/'
url = urlparse.urljoin(url, 'index.html')
logger.debug(' file: URL is directory, getting %s' % url)
resp = urlopen(url)
real_url = geturl(resp)
headers = resp.info()
contents = resp.read()
encoding = headers.get('Content-Encoding', None)
#XXX need to handle exceptions and add testing for this
if encoding is not None:
if encoding == 'gzip':
contents = gzip.GzipFile(fileobj=BytesIO(contents)).read()
if encoding == 'deflate':
contents = zlib.decompress(contents)
inst = cls(u(contents), real_url, headers)
except (HTTPError, URLError, socket.timeout, socket.error, OSError, WindowsError):
e = sys.exc_info()[1]
desc = str(e)
if isinstance(e, socket.timeout):
log_meth = logger.info
level =1
desc = 'timed out'
elif isinstance(e, URLError):
#ssl/certificate error
if ssl and hasattr(e, 'reason') and (isinstance(e.reason, ssl.SSLError) or isinstance(e.reason, CertificateError)):
desc = 'There was a problem confirming the ssl certificate: %s' % e
log_meth = logger.notify
else:
log_meth = logger.info
if hasattr(e, 'reason') and isinstance(e.reason, socket.timeout):
desc = 'timed out'
level = 1
else:
level = 2
elif isinstance(e, HTTPError) and e.code == 404:
## FIXME: notify?
log_meth = logger.info
level = 2
else:
log_meth = logger.info
level = 1
log_meth('Could not fetch URL %s: %s' % (link, desc))
log_meth('Will skip URL %s when looking for download links for %s' % (link.url, req))
if cache is not None:
cache.add_page_failure(url, level)
return None
if cache is not None:
cache.add_page([url, real_url], inst)
return inst
@staticmethod
def _get_content_type(url):
"""Get the Content-Type of the given url, using a HEAD request"""
scheme, netloc, path, query, fragment = urlparse.urlsplit(url)
if not scheme in ('http', 'https', 'ftp', 'ftps'):
## FIXME: some warning or something?
## assertion error?
return ''
req = Urllib2HeadRequest(url, headers={'Host': netloc})
resp = urlopen(req)
try:
if hasattr(resp, 'code') and resp.code != 200 and scheme not in ('ftp', 'ftps'):
## FIXME: doesn't handle redirects
return ''
return resp.info().get('content-type', '')
finally:
resp.close()
@property
def base_url(self):
if not hasattr(self, "_base_url"):
match = self._base_re.search(self.content)
if match:
self._base_url = match.group(1)
else:
self._base_url = self.url
return self._base_url
@property
def links(self):
"""Yields all links in the page"""
for match in self._href_re.finditer(self.content):
url = match.group(1) or match.group(2) or match.group(3)
url = self.clean_link(urlparse.urljoin(self.base_url, url))
yield Link(url, self)
def rel_links(self):
for url in self.explicit_rel_links():
yield url
for url in self.scraped_rel_links():
yield url
def explicit_rel_links(self, rels=('homepage', 'download')):
"""Yields all links with the given relations"""
for match in self._rel_re.finditer(self.content):
found_rels = match.group(1).lower().split()
for rel in rels:
if rel in found_rels:
break
else:
continue
match = self._href_re.search(match.group(0))
if not match:
continue
url = match.group(1) or match.group(2) or match.group(3)
url = self.clean_link(urlparse.urljoin(self.base_url, url))
yield Link(url, self)
def scraped_rel_links(self):
for regex in (self._homepage_re, self._download_re):
match = regex.search(self.content)
if not match:
continue
href_match = self._href_re.search(self.content, pos=match.end())
if not href_match:
continue
url = href_match.group(1) or href_match.group(2) or href_match.group(3)
if not url:
continue
url = self.clean_link(urlparse.urljoin(self.base_url, url))
yield Link(url, self)
_clean_re = re.compile(r'[^a-z0-9$&+,/:;=?@.#%_\\|-]', re.I)
def clean_link(self, url):
"""Makes sure a link is fully encoded. That is, if a ' ' shows up in
the link, it will be rewritten to %20 (while not over-quoting
% or other characters)."""
return self._clean_re.sub(
lambda match: '%%%2x' % ord(match.group(0)), url)
class Link(object):
def __init__(self, url, comes_from=None):
self.url = url
self.comes_from = comes_from
def __str__(self):
if self.comes_from:
return '%s (from %s)' % (self.url, self.comes_from)
else:
return str(self.url)
def __repr__(self):
return '<Link %s>' % self
def __eq__(self, other):
return self.url == other.url
def __ne__(self, other):
return self.url != other.url
def __lt__(self, other):
return self.url < other.url
def __le__(self, other):
return self.url <= other.url
def __gt__(self, other):
return self.url > other.url
def __ge__(self, other):
return self.url >= other.url
def __hash__(self):
return hash(self.url)
@property
def filename(self):
_, netloc, path, _, _ = urlparse.urlsplit(self.url)
name = posixpath.basename(path.rstrip('/')) or netloc
assert name, ('URL %r produced no filename' % self.url)
return name
@property
def scheme(self):
return urlparse.urlsplit(self.url)[0]
@property
def path(self):
return urlparse.urlsplit(self.url)[2]
def splitext(self):
return splitext(posixpath.basename(self.path.rstrip('/')))
@property
def url_without_fragment(self):
scheme, netloc, path, query, fragment = urlparse.urlsplit(self.url)
return urlparse.urlunsplit((scheme, netloc, path, query, None))
_egg_fragment_re = re.compile(r'#egg=([^&]*)')
@property
def egg_fragment(self):
match = self._egg_fragment_re.search(self.url)
if not match:
return None
return match.group(1)
_hash_re = re.compile(r'(sha1|sha224|sha384|sha256|sha512|md5)=([a-f0-9]+)')
@property
def hash(self):
match = self._hash_re.search(self.url)
if match:
return match.group(2)
return None
@property
def hash_name(self):
match = self._hash_re.search(self.url)
if match:
return match.group(1)
return None
@property
def show_url(self):
return posixpath.basename(self.url.split('#', 1)[0].split('?', 1)[0])
#An "Infinite Link" that compares greater than other links
InfLink = Link(Inf) #this object is not currently used as a sortable
def get_requirement_from_url(url):
"""Get a requirement from the URL, if possible. This looks for #egg
in the URL"""
link = Link(url)
egg_info = link.egg_fragment
if not egg_info:
egg_info = splitext(link.filename)[0]
return package_to_requirement(egg_info)
def package_to_requirement(package_name):
"""Translate a name like Foo-1.2 to Foo==1.3"""
match = re.search(r'^(.*?)-(dev|\d.*)', package_name)
if match:
name = match.group(1)
version = match.group(2)
else:
name = package_name
version = ''
if version:
return '%s==%s' % (name, version)
else:
return name
def get_mirrors(hostname=None):
"""Return the list of mirrors from the last record found on the DNS
entry::
>>> from pip.index import get_mirrors
>>> get_mirrors()
['a.pypi.python.org', 'b.pypi.python.org', 'c.pypi.python.org',
'd.pypi.python.org']
Originally written for the distutils2 project by Alexis Metaireau.
"""
if hostname is None:
hostname = DEFAULT_MIRROR_HOSTNAME
# return the last mirror registered on PyPI.
last_mirror_hostname = None
try:
last_mirror_hostname = socket.gethostbyname_ex(hostname)[0]
except socket.gaierror:
return []
if not last_mirror_hostname or last_mirror_hostname == DEFAULT_MIRROR_HOSTNAME:
last_mirror_hostname = "z.pypi.python.org"
end_letter = last_mirror_hostname.split(".", 1)
# determine the list from the last one.
return ["%s.%s" % (s, end_letter[1]) for s in string_range(end_letter[0])]
def string_range(last):
"""Compute the range of string between "a" and last.
This works for simple "a to z" lists, but also for "a to zz" lists.
"""
for k in range(len(last)):
for x in product(string.ascii_lowercase, repeat=k+1):
result = ''.join(x)
yield result
if result == last:
return